Mune mutengo chimiro chekushanda gorofu,ngoro dzegorofukazhinji ndiwo anonyanya kukosha, asiwo anonyanya kufunga zvisiri izvo, mari. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinotarisa pa "mutengo wengoro" kana uchitenga ngoro, uchiregeredza zvinhu zvakakosha zvinotaridza mutengo wenguva refu-kuchengetedza, simba, kugona kwekutungamira, kurasikirwa kwenguva, uye kukosha kwehupenyu.
Izvi zvinhu zvisingatarisirwi zvinowanzodhura kupfuurazvingoroivo pachavo, uye vanogona kutokanganisa zvakananga nhengo chiitiko, kushanda zvakanaka, uye purofiti yenguva refu.
Ichi chinyorwa chinopfupisa5 hombe "yakavanzika mutengo" misungokubatsira mamaneja emakosi kuita sarudzo dzesainzi uye dzakakwana pakuronga, kutenga, uye kushandisa ngoro dzegorofu.
Pitfall 1: Kutarisa Chete Mutengo Wengoro, Kuregeredza iyo "Yakazara Mutengo Wehuridzi"
Makosi mazhinji anongofananidza mitengo yengoro panguva yekutenga, kufuratira mari yekugadzirisa, kusimba, uye kukosha kwekutengesazve mukati memakore mashanu-8.
Muchokwadi, mutengo wakazara wemuridzi (TCO) wengoro yegorofu unodarika mutengo wekutanga wekutenga.
Kazhinji isingatarisirwi mari inosanganisira:
Misiyano yekutsiva frequency nekuda kwekusiyana kwehupenyu hwebhatiri
Kuvimbika kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita semotor, controller, uye mabhureki
Iko kukanganisa kwefuremu welding uye pendi maitiro pakusimba
Resale value (inoratidzwa pakudzosa ngoro yakabhadharwa kana kusimudzira timu)
Semuyenzaniso:
Zvingoro zvegorofu zvisingadhure zvinotungamira-asidhi zvingada kuchinjwa kwebhatiri makore maviri ega ega, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo.
Ngoro dzegorofu dzakagadzirwa zvisina kunaka dzinotanga kusangana nekugadziriswa kwakapararira mushure memakore 3-4 ekushandiswa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwemitengo yekuderera.
Nepo lithium-ion bhatiri gorofu ngoro dzine mutengo wepamusoro wekutanga, dzinogona kushandiswa kweavhareji yemakore mashanu-8, zvichikonzera kukosha kwepamusoro.
Zano raTara: Pakusarudza ngoro yegorofu, gara uchiverenga mutengo wakazara mukati memakore mashanu, pane kutsauswa nekotesheni yekutanga.
Pitfall 2: Kuregeredza Battery Management - Iyo Yakanyanya Kudhura Yakavanzika Mutengo
Mutengo mukuru wengoro yegorofu ibhatiri, kunyanya rezvikwata zvemagetsi.
Mazhinji makosi egorofu anoita zvinotevera zvinowanzoitika zvikanganiso zvekushanda:
Kuchajisa kwenguva refu kana kuwandisa
Kushaikwa kwehurongwa hwekuchaja hwakagadziriswa
Kutadza kuwedzera mvura kune lead-asidhi mabhatiri sezvinodiwa
Kutadza kutevedzera uye kurekodha tembiricha yebhatiri uye kutenderera kuverenga
Kugadzirisa mabhatiri chete kana asvika 5-10%
Aya maitiro anoderedza zvakananga hupenyu hwebhatiri ne30-50%, uye anogona kutotungamira mukuderedzwa kwekuita, kutadza kwebhatiri kuzere, uye mamwe matambudziko.
Zvinonyanya kukosha: Premature bhatiri degradation = kuderera kwakananga muROI.
Semuenzaniso, mabhatiri ekutungamirira-asidhi:
Inofanira kuva nehupenyu hwemazuva ose hwemakore maviri
Asi iva isingashandisike mushure megore rimwe chete nekuda kwekushandisa zvisina kunaka
Iyo gorofu inofanirwa kuvatsiva kaviri mumakore maviri, ichipeta mutengo.
Nepo mabhatiri e-lithium akasimba, pasina BMS yekutarisa, hupenyu hwavo hunogona zvakare kupfupikiswa nekuda kwekuyerera kwakadzika kwakadzika.
Kurudziro yaTara: Shandisa mabhatiri e-lithium ane BMS yakangwara, seaya anoshandiswa muTara golf carts; uye gadzira "yakarongeka yekuchaja manejimendi." Izvi zvinodhura zvakanyanya pane kuwedzera vashandi 1-2.
Pitfall 3: Kuregeredza Mitengo Yenguva Yekuzorora - Inodhura Pane Kugadzirisa Mari
Chii chinonyanya kutyiwa nemakosi egorofu munguva dzepamusoro-soro? Kwete ngoro dzegorofu dzakaputsika, asi "dzakawandisa" ngoro dzakaputsika.
Imwe neimwe ngoro yakaputsika inotungamira kune:
Kuwedzera nguva dzekumirira
Kudzikira kosi simba (yakananga kurasikirwa kwemari)
Hurombo hwenhengo chiitiko, kukanganisa kudzokorora kutenga kana kuvandudzwa kwemubhadharo wepagore
Inogona kutokonzera zvichemo kana kunonoka kwechiitiko panguva yemakwikwi
Mamwe makosi anotobata "nhamba yengoro" seyakajairika:
Chikwata chengoro makumi mashanu, ine 5-10 inogara ichigadziriswa
Kuwanikwa chaiko kunongotenderedza 80%
Kurasikirwa kwenguva refu kunodarika mari yekugadzirisa
Matambudziko mazhinji ekudonha anonyanya kukonzerwa ne:
Kusakwana kwechikamu chemhando
Kunonoka mushure mekutengesa mhinduro
Zvisina kugadzikana zvema spare parts
Zano raTara: Sarudza mabhureki ane macheni ekupa akura, masisitimu akazara epashure pekutengesa, uye enzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzakasara; downtime mitengo ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya.
Ichi zvakare chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha nei Tara akasaina akawanda emuno vatengesi pasi rese.
Pitfall 4: Kurerutsa Kukosha kwe "Intelligent Management"
Makosi mazhinji egorofu anoona GPS uye masisitimu ekufambisa ngarava se "zvishongedzo zvakasarudzika,"
asi chokwadi ndechekuti: Hungwaru masisitimu anovandudza zvakananga kushanda kwezvikepe uye kuderedza manejimendi mari.
Intelligent manejimendi masisitimu anogona kugadzirisa:
Kutyaira kusingatenderwe kwengoro dzegorofu kupfuura nzvimbo dzavanotarwa
Vatambi vanotora nzira dzekutsauka zvinotungamira mukudzikiswa kwehunyanzvi
Kushandiswa kwengoro dzegorofu munzvimbo dzine njodzi dzakadai semasango nemadziva
Kuba, kushandisa zvisizvo, kana kupaka zvisina tsarukano husiku
Kusagona kunyatso tevera hupenyu hwebhatiri / kutenderera kuverenga
Kusagona kugovera ngoro dzisina basa
Kungo "kuderedza kutsauka uye mileage isingakoshi" inogona kuwedzera tire uye kumiswa hupenyu neavhareji ye20-30%.
Uyezve, GPS masisitimu anobvumira mamaneja ku:
Kukiya zvingoro
Monitor chaiyo-nguva bhatiri mazinga
Otomatiki verenga mashandisirwo enguva
Gadzira zvirongwa zvine musoro zvekuchaja nekugadzirisa
Kukosha kwakaunzwa nemasisitimu akangwara kazhinji kunogona kudzoserwa mukati memwedzi mishoma.
Pitfall 5: Kuregeredza Mushure-Kutengesa Sevhisi uye Kumhanyisa Kupindura
Mazhinji makosi egorofu pakutanga anotenda:
"After-sales sevhisi inogona kumirira; mutengo ndiwo wakakosha izvozvi."
Nekudaro, vashandisi vechokwadi vanoziva: Mushure mekutengesa sevhisi yengoro dzegorofuinguva yemvura mukukosha kwechiratidzo.
Matambudziko anokonzerwa nekusave nenguva mushure mekutengesa sevhisi anosanganisira:
Ngoro inoputsika kwemazuva kana mavhiki
Matambudziko anodzokororwa asingagoni kugadziriswa zvachose
Kumirira kwenguva refu kwekutsiva zvikamu
Mari isingadzoreki yekugadzirisa
Ngoro dzisina kukwana panguva dzepamusoro-soro zvinotungamira kune mhirizhonga yekushandisa
Kubudirira kwaTara mumisika zhinji yemhiri kwemakungwa kuri chaizvo nekuda kwe:
Vatengesi vane mvumo pamusika wemuno
Kuzvigadzira-akazvigadzira masipiresi inventory
Nyanzvi dzakadzidziswa zvakanyanya
Kukurumidza kupindura kune mushure mekutengesa nyaya
Kupa manejimendi mazano kumakosi egorofu, kwete chete masevhisi ekugadzirisa
Kune mamaneja ekosi yegorofu, kukosha kwenguva refu uku kwakakosha kupfuura "kutevera mutengo wakaderera."
Kuona Mari Yakavanzwa ndiyo Kiyi yekunyatso chengetedza Mari
Kutenga angoro yegorofuhaisi mari yenguva imwe chete, asi chirongwa chekushanda chinogara makore 5-8.
Chokwadi yakanakisa nzira dzekutarisira zvikepe dzinofanirwa kutarisa pane:
Kugara kwenguva refu kwengoro
Hupenyu hwebhatiri uye manejimendi
Nguva yekuzorora uye cheni yekugovera
Intelligent kutumira kugona
Mushure mekutengesa system uye kugadzirisa kushanda zvakanaka
Nekutora izvi zvakavanzwa mari mukufunga, iyo gorofu inongoita magadzirirwo akakwana, kuwana epamusoro mashandiro ekushanda, kuderera kwekudyara kwenguva refu, uye kugadzikana kwenhengo chiitiko.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-03-2025
